Machine



(No Mael.) s sheets-sheet 1. M. J. SALM.

BNGRAVING MACHINE.

No. 274,391. Patented Mar. 2o, 1883.

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, M. J, SALM.

ENGRAVING lsfIAGHINB.`

No. 274,391. Patented Mar.20,1883.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. M. J. SALM.

BNGRAVING MACHINE.v

No. 274,391. Patented Mar.20,1883.

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UNITED STATES i CvB/qe MAXIMILIAN JOSEPH SAIiM, OF HANAU, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF T() LUDWIG LIMBEBT, OF SAME PLAGE.

ENGRAVlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,391, dated March 20, 1883.

Application tiled January 11, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known .that I, MAXIMILIAN J osnrtr lar to a given model, and either of the same size, smaller, or larger, as desired. Moreover, models can be reproduced by the said machine in counterparts, and existing reliefs can be transposed or transferred with sunk work, and vice versa.

Figure l in the accompanying drawings is a plan of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section ofthe same. Fig. 3 is an elevation, partlysectional, on a larger scale than Figs. l and 2, of some of the details of the machine.

In carrying the said invention into practice I provide a vertical spindle, W, which passes through a bearing in the table or plate T. This spindle is also guided by corresponding bearings in the bridge-piece E and the cross-piece H, so that it can be easily rotated upon its axis, and can also be moved upward or downward, being always kept vertical by the said bearings. The pantograph P is lixed at its central portion on this spindle, above the said table or plate. On the said table or plate are raised parts N, which are provided with longitudinal stops having at the top dovetailed grooves, which form guides for the sliding blocks K. These sliding blocks K are provided with screwthreads in their lower part, through which pass the screws D. The latter are connected at the three corners C of the table by initier-wheels, one of the screws being 'the three drills commence to n'otate.

model-B', Fig. l, which has to be copied or feproduced, is lxed to the fourth sliding block. The three corners of the pantograph which lie above the material to be operated upon are provided with drills. The latter are connected tosmall pulleys, which, by means of a cord or band, are connected to tbe'pulley S in such a manner that when the latter is set in motion At the fourth corner of the pantograph the guide-pin 6oA fr is fixed.

The operation oi' this machine is as followsthat is to say After the material B to be operated upon has been fixed upon the said three sliding blocks K and the model B upon the fourth block, the drills are set in motion by means oi' the said pulleys S. By the weight of the central spindle, W, and the pantograph P the drills are pressed upon and caused to euter the material below them. As soon, however, 7o as the said guide-pin touches the model below it, the spindle and the pantograph fixed to it are prevented from being pressed farther down. By this time the said drills have at the parts operated upon removed so much of 7 5 the material iixed upon the said three sliding blocks K that the thickness of the said parts is equal to that of the model at that part where the guidepin touches it. The spindle of the pantograph is now raised, and by altering the 8o position of the pantograph the adjoiningparts of the material are moved in a similar manner. The movement ofthe pantograph, which is regulated by the guide-pin, must taire place in only one direction-that is to say, it' the 85 grinding or drilling is commenced at the foot of the model representing the ligure B', Fig.

l, the guide-pin is to be moved in o. straight line toward the head ofthe iignre. The drills xed at the other three corners of the panto- 9o graph are then also moving in straight lines.

A straight groove is in this manner formed in the material at the places operated upon, the depth ot' which groove is in inverse proportion to the height of that part ot' the model over 95 which the guide-pin is caused to move. As soon as such a groove is formed in the entire length of the model the sliding blocks are shifted by a partial rotation of the aforesaid hand-wheel R, so that the drills now operate roo upon and remove the material on one side ofthe said groove, and thus widen the same. The guide-pin can then be moved in a direction exactly opposite to the previous one. By this gradual and repeated to-andfro movement of the guide-pin over the model. in connection with the shifting of the sliding blocks, the supertluons material is removed by the drills, and la gure is produced on each of the three sliding blocks which corresponds exactly with the model. When in working on very hard materials the pressure which is exerted on the point of operation by the weight of the spindle and thepantograph is not sufficiently great, vthen it can easily be increased by shifting the ring Gr on the lower part of the central spindle, W, a little higher up, whereby the spiral spring F, between the said ring and the table T,is com'- pressed, andby its elasticity increases the pressure in the manner desired. If, on the contrary, the pressure resulting from the weight of the spindle and pantograph is too great, then the spiral spring F is removed from the' lower end of the spindle W to the upper end of it, and is placed between an adjustable collar, Gr', and the bridge-piece E. According to the position of the collar G', the spring will be more or less compressed, and the pressure caused by the spindle and the pantograph will be counteracted according to itsposition. I am thus enabled to regulate the pressure eX- actly according to requirements.

If it be desired to make figures either larger 'or smaller than the model, I proceed in the following mannerthat is to say: After the pantograph has been set for enlarging or reducing in the well-known manner the drills at two of the sides are thrown out of gear, and only that drill which is opposite to the guidepin is employed, as the side drills in this case would not produce figures corresponding with the model. The operation is effected in the manner above described but it is not necessary to adhere to a certain definite direction of the guide-pin, which can, if desired, be moved over the model in an irregular manner, while the figure, whether its outline is enlarged or reduced, is always correctly reproduced; but

the enlargement or reduction of the outline of the model requires a similar enlargement or reduction with regard to the raised or sunk parts of the picture, which is attained by the following contrivance-thatis to say: On the head-piece u, which can be fixed on the central spindle, W, by means of the screws f, the double-armed leverL is pivoted. This lever L can be fixed in a horizontal position by means of the set-screws g g, whereby its upanddown movement can also be regulated within certain limits. On thesaid double-armed lever are sliding pieces fw and .'r,which can be shifted easily. The forked piece P is connected with the first sliding piece by a link in which the drill rotates. The sliding piece wis connected by means of the open link m', and other links with the guide-pin P', and indirectly with the pantograph, by means of the connecting-piece The said guide-pin can easily be moved up or down in the hollow boss, which connects two pantograph-bars with each other. The connecting-piece the lower end of which is connected by a link with the pantograph, can at the other end be moved to and fro in the open link wf, and can be xed thereon by means of a screw, y, on which it is free to oscillate. It', now, for instance, it is desired to reproduce the model in question half-size, then the pantograph is set to the required position, and the lever L is fixed in a horizontal position by the set-screws g g. The said connecting-piece is then fixed in the open linkw' by the said screw y, so that it can vibrate ou the same as a center, as is shown in Fig.l 3. After -the drill has been put in rotation by the motive power the guide-pin ismoved freely across the model. The pantograph P must now follow the movements ofthe guide-pin, with which it is connected by means of the slotted link m and the connecting-piece x, whether it is moved in a vertical or a horizontal direction. As it has been set to reproduce the model reduced to half-size, the outline of the picture is cut by the drill to the desired reduced scale, andthe raised and sunk parts of the model are at the same time correspondingly reduced. The movement of the guide pin, as above stated, is not transferred direct to the pantograph, but is effected by theI slotted link a." and the connecting piece w". The relative position of these parts to one another, as shown in the drawings, allows the pantograph to follow the movements of the guide-pin in the desired direction, but reducing it at the same time to one-half, so that when the guidepin is pushed two centimeters up the pantograph, with the drill, is only raisedv one' centimeter. This operation will be readily understood, and therefore does not require further description. The farther the connecting-piece w is fixed to the left on the slotted link w" the more the copy will be reduced.

If it is desired to enlarge the modgel, then the drill is tted on the side where the guidepin was tted in the above-described operation for reducing the model, and the guide-pin is fixed in the place of the drill.

If it is desired to work from negative to positive, and vice versa-for instance, to convert a negative engraved coat of arms into raised workthen the double-armed leverL is allowed to work freely by slackening the set-screws g g. The central spindle, W, is, moreover, fixed in such a manner that it can rotate, but cannot alter its position vertically. It' the guide-pin is brought into a recessed part in the en graving, then a raised part will be produced on the drill side, because the lever L, turning on `its pivot f', will be raised as much on the working-side as it is depressed on the other side. 1n working from positive to negative the reverse takes place.l

1n order to be able to produce an even smooth surface, another con trivance is applied, by means of which thecentral spindle, W, with IOC IIO

the pantograph, can always be kept at the same height Without preventing it from turning freely. The. head-piece U, Figs. 2 and 3, v is fixed on the spindleVVjDy means of a screw, 5 f. On its upper end it has a groove extending around it. l

In the bearing on the piece E are the screws e e, Fig. 2, which are screwed s o far into the groove in the head Uthat they do not `prevent 1o the latter, and Awith it the spindle W, from turning freely, but yet prevent them from descending.

As the head-piece u can be fixed Qin any position'on the spindle W, the surface to be op- I5 erated upon can be of any desired thickness. The drill or tool does not in this case cut from above downward, but from side to side, as in the operation of planing, and the -necessary pressure 4is not obtained by the weight of the 2ov spindle, but by the hand directing the guide- This machine can be usedas a substitute for a rose engine-lathe. Having thus fully described the said inven- 2 5 tion and the manner of performing the same, I

wish it to be understood that I claim- 1. In a model-eopying machine, the spindleV W, in combination with the pautograph P, the drills and guide-pin b b,the pulleysr, the headpiece u, the collars G G', provided with setscrews, the spiral spring F, the table T, with the raised parts N, having slots in them, the sliding blocks K, the screws D, connected by ruiter-wheels, and the hand-Wheel R, substantially as described, and for the purpose specihed.

' 2. The collar or head-piece u, in combination with the set-screws g g, the screw f, the lever L, capable of oscillating on the pivot f', the sliding pieces fw and @the slotted link w', and the connecting-piece substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I havesigned my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MAXIMILIAN JOSEPH SAL'I. 

